http://lib.kart.edu.ua/handle/123456789/10347 Wed, 08 Apr 2026 20:41:40 GMT 2026-04-08T20:41:40Z http://lib.kart.edu.ua/handle/123456789/10350 Title: Вплив подовження «життєвого циклу» локомотивів на ВВП країни та економіку залізничної галузі Authors: Панченко, Сергій Володимирович; Балака, Євгеній Іванович; Панченко, Владислав Вадимович; Резуненко, Марина Євгенівна; Panchenko, Serhii; Balaka, Yevhenii; Panchenko, Vladyslav; Rezunenko, Maryna Abstract: UA: У статті розглянуто економічний аспект причинно-наслідкового зв’язку між подовженням «життєвого циклу» локомотивів і зростанням валового внутрішнього продукту (ВВП) країни. Наведено результати досліджень впливу збільшення обсягів вантажних перевезень за рахунок модернізації діючого локомотивного парку на національну макроекономіку. Обґрунтовано економічну доцільність цих інноваційних заходів для підвищення ефективності роботи залізничної галузі в умовах сьогодення.; EN: The article describes the economic aspect of the causal relationship between the extension of the «life cycle» of locomotives and the growth of the country’s gross domestic product (GDP). It was determined that the main factor inhibiting the development of the railway is the lack of funds, which significantly affects the pace of renewal of the locomotive fleet, which can, in turn, cause the unstable operation of the railway infrastructure. The article examines and substantiates the expediency of using correlation-regression analysis methods to build an economic-mathematical model that adequately determines the impact of the increased volume of freight transportation on the value of the GDP of purchasing power parity (PPP) due to the extension of the «life cycle» of freight locomotives (macroeconomic aspect). We determined the dependence of the value of Ukrainian GDP of the PKS on the volume of freight transportation by domestic wheeled transport. It was established that in the situation under research more than 45 % of the total variability of the value of Ukrainian GDP of the PKS is explained by the change in the total volume of cargo transportation by rail and road transport. The economic interpretation of the model parameters allows us to state that an increase in the volume of freight transportation by 1 unit of cargo leads to an increase in the value of the GDP of the PKS of Ukraine by an average of $ 0.0674. The use of the model suggested in the research made it possible to evaluate a prospective growth of the GDP of the PKS of Ukraine due to the increase in the volume of freight transportation by fifty locomotives. The extension of their service life by five years resulted in the amount of 8,893.7 thousand in US dollars, i.e. $ 1778.3 thousand annually. The study of the economic attractiveness of the development and implementation of the domestic system for monitoring the technical condition of locomotives (industry-economic aspect) for the railway industry led to drawing a reasonable conclusion about the possibility of obtaining a significant increase in the efficiency of the railway. It was established that the development and implementation of domestic systems on fifty locomotives compared to the purchase of foreign-made analogues provides savings of more than 32.6 thousand US dollars. Sat, 01 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT http://lib.kart.edu.ua/handle/123456789/10350 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z http://lib.kart.edu.ua/handle/123456789/10349 Title: Дослідження процесів спалювання бурого вугілля у вихровій топці шляхом комп'ютерного моделювання Authors: Редько, Ігор Олександрович; Бурда, Юрій Олександрович; Півненко, Юрій Олександрович; Джиоєв, Рафаель Леванович; Redko, Ihor; Burda, Yurii; Pivnenko, Yurii; Dzhyoiev, Rafael Levanovich Abstract: UA: Використання в паливному балансі України дорогого імпортованого природного газу стимулює розвиток промислової та малої енергетики на основі дешевих місцевих палив і горючих відходів. Використання дешевого вугілля, торфу, деревних відходів дозволяє знизити собівартість вироблення теплоти на підприємствах житловокомунального господарства, промислових підприємствах. Наведено результати спалювання бурого вугілля у вихровій топці (ТЗЗП) для різних теплових схем і режимів спалювання.; EN: As part of the course for European integration in Ukraine, a new Energy Strategy was approved to reduce the share of coal among primary sources to 12.5 % by 2035, the share of electricity generation at TPPs and CHPs to 3 2%. In 2021, Ukraine joined the EU's Green Deal strategy with a commitment to completely stop coal production and close coal energy and close coal energy by 2050. At the same time, coal energy has advantages - significant reserves of domestic coal (first in Europe and eighth in the world), which make it a guarantor of energy independence. Given the growing share of "green" generation in Ukraine, the share of pulverized coal production should be kept at least 30% of total energy production The use of expensive imported natural gas in Ukraine's fuel balance stimulates the development of industrial and small energy based on cheap local fuels and combustible waste. The use of cheap coal, peat, wood waste can reduce the cost of heat production in housing and communal services, industrial enterprises. Combustion of low-grade fuels is constrained due to the complexity of organizing a sustainable combustion process. Local fuels are characterized by high humidity and ash content, low heat of combustion. The zone of autogenous (self-sustaining) combustion is defined by the limits: combustible - more than 25 %, moisture - less than 50 %, ash - less than 60% by working weight. Vegetation and wood are the starting point for the stages of metamorphism (carbonization): plant residues, peat, brown coal, coal, anthracite. Characteristics of humolites, the organic part of the fuel, by stages of metamorphism. Fuels of different types and different degrees of carbonization - peat, lignite is peroxidized and contain a lot of oxygen in the combustible mass, have the lowest thermal stability and the highest yield of volatile substances. In the process of metamorphism, oxygen is removed and the thermal stability of the organic matter of the fuel is increased. Sat, 01 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT http://lib.kart.edu.ua/handle/123456789/10349 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z http://lib.kart.edu.ua/handle/123456789/10348 Title: Експлуатаційні випробування пристрою для електростатичної обробки моторної оливи Authors: Воронін, Сергій Володимирович; Стефанов, Володимир Олександрович; Харківський, Олександр Сергійович; Voronin, Serhii; Stefanov, Volodymyr; Kharkivskyi, Oleksandr Abstract: UA: У статті наведено матеріали експлуатаційних випробувань удосконаленого пристрою для електростатичної обробки напівсинтетичної моторної оливи EXTRA DI 10W40 при її роботі в системі змащування дизельного двигуна Д-240 колісного трактора МТЗ-82. Наведено конструктивні особливості та технічні характеристики удосконаленого пристрою, місце його встановлення в систему змащування двигуна і підключення до бортової мережі машини. Наведено результати випробувань пристрою за критеріями впливу електростатичної обробки на окремі характеристики дизельного двигуна і трибологічні характеристики моторної оливи.; EN: The article presents the materials of operational tests of the improved device for electrostatic treatment of semi-synthetic motor oil EXTRA DI 10W-40 during their operation in the lubrication system of the diesel engine D-240 wheeled tractor MTZ-82. Since the testing of the device consisted of two stages, the main part of the article consists of two interrelated parts, which show the main results for each stage. The first part presents the design features and technical characteristics of the advanced device, as well as the place of its installation in the engine lubrication system and connection to the onboard network of the machine. Particular attention in describing the design of the device is paid to its differences from previous counterparts, namely the presence of stepwise regulation of the output voltage level and the presence of protection of the oil from electric breakdown. The second part of the article presents the test results of the device according to the criteria of the influence of electrostatic treatment on the characteristics of the diesel engine and some performance properties of engine oil. When disclosing the effect of electrostatic oil treatment on engine characteristics, the article presents data on changes in oil pressure in the main line of the lubrication system and changes in compression in the engine cylinders as the engine speed increases. When disclosing the effect of electrostatic treatment on the performance properties of engine oil, data on changes in the tribological characteristics of the oil, namely the diameter of the wear spot, with its different operating time in the engine lubrication system. The diameter of the wear spot was installed on a four-ball friction machine according to the method described in GOST 9490-75. According to this method, the values of the diameter of the wear spot for the engine oil during its operation in the engine lubrication system without the use of electrostatic treatment, as well as with the use of such treatment in the built-in device. The final part of the article presents an analysis of the results, conclusions and practical recommendations for the application of the proposed improved device in the lubrication systems of diesel engines of self-propelled vehicles. Sat, 01 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT http://lib.kart.edu.ua/handle/123456789/10348 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z