Аналіз досліджень з отримання наночастинок вуглецю та їхнього застосування в трибологічних системах

Abstract

UA: У статті проведено аналіз досліджень отримання наночастинок вуглецю та їхнього застосування в трибологічних системах, методів і пристроїв для отримання, досліджень з вивчення впливу наночастинок вуглецю на мастильну плівку, надано розрахункову схему взаємодії наночастинки вуглецю з металевою поверхнею в парі тертя, розрахункову модель зміни часу адсорбції наночастинок вуглецю залежно від радіуса до початкової відстані.

EN: The article analyzes research on the production of carbon nanoparticles and their use in tribological systems. A comparison of the results of installations based on different methods of obtaining nanotubes and fullerenes shows that the purest and highest-quality product is obtained by laser evaporation of graphite, but this is a long, time-consuming and expensive process. The yield of useful products is up to 20 %. The thermal method has its advantages and disadvantages. The advantages include the availability and cheapness of carbon raw materials: from oil, carbon gases to municipal waste. All of them are sources of nanotubes and fullerenes when using the thermal method. The yield of useful nanoproducts is average, and the purity reaches 90-95 %. The simplest known method is the electric arc method for obtaining nanotubes and fullerenes. However, the yield of useful products does not exceed 15%. In addition, the large number of reactor designs for obtaining highly structured carbon nanoparticles indicates that an acceptable design has not yet been found that would guarantee obtaining a product with specified properties, stable parameters and in the required quantities. The article also analyzes research on the effect of carbon nanoparticles on the lubricating film, provides a calculation scheme for the interaction of a carbon nanoparticle with a metal surface in a friction pair, and provides a calculation model for the change in the adsorption time of carbon nanoparticles depending on the radius to the initial distance. Which showed that according to the experimental data of other researchers, the data obtained regarding the time of physical adsorption of individual molecules and their aggregates is about 10-9 to 10-6 seconds, which confirms the priority of the formation of the solvate shell, and only then the manifestation of the adsorption of carbon nanoparticles.