Удосконалення процесу адаптації персоналу підприємств залізничного транспорту

Abstract

UA: Проведено аналіз кадрової ситуації АТ «Укрзалізниця», який довів доцільність удосконалення процесів адаптації персоналу. Розкрито сутність поняття «адаптація персоналу» і з’ясовано спільні та відмінні риси позицій вчених у його трактуванні. Систематизовано види адаптації персоналу і виявлено зміст основних стадій організації адаптації персоналу та її інструментарій, що є перспективним для впровадження на підприємствах залізничної галузі. EN: The analysis of the personnel situation of JSC "Ukrzaliznytsia", which showed that in the conditions of JSC" Ukrzaliznytsia " is rapidly losing skilled workers and trying to replenish the staff of young workers from external sources of the labor market, which creates the preconditions for the development of crisis phenomena in the personnel sector of the railway industry. One of the most important ways to solve this problem is the implementation of personnel adaptation, because its well-organized process, on the one hand, removes many negative aspects of the internal environment of the company, and on the other - is an effective motivational tool that allows managers to keep the team and develop it in a creative direction. The essence of the concept "personnel adaptation" is revealed and the common and distinctive features of the positions of scientists in its interpretation are clarified. It is concluded that the main similarity of opinions of scientists is that the adaptation of personnel, first of all, is understood as a process in which the adaptation of the employee to various aspects of the enterprise. The difference in the understanding of this process by different researchers and specialists is manifested in the subject-object plane of adaptation of one-sided (from the position of the new employee) or mutual (from the position of the organization and the new employee) adaptation, as well as in the consideration of the mechanisms underlying it (training, information, identification, change of attitudes and behavior, etc.).