«Зелене» будівництво: проблеми та перспективи для сучасної економіки

Abstract

UA: Стаття присвячена питанням перспектив та проблем «зеленого» будівництва, як одного з потенційних напрямів розвитку галузі в сучасних умовах. Оскільки захист навколишнього середовища, збереження природних багатств, раціональне використання ресурсів, енергоощадливість виступають ключовими чинниками перетворення ринкової економіки трансформуючи її в «зелену» економіку. Сфера будівництва, як і інші галузі виробництва, також змінюється під впливом екологізації економічних відносин. У дослідженні розкрито основні аспекти та ініціативи, які може запропонувати екологічне будівництво для суспільства. Також наведено й недоліки «зеленого» будівництва, серед яких значна вартість екологічних проєктів. Зазначено, що незважаючи на велику ціну «зеленого» будівництва, інвестування в екологічно чисті будівлі – це інвестування у свій власний добробут, оскільки інвестиції йдуть на захист навколишнього середовища.

EN: The world economic system is in constant dynamics, which closely related to changes in the understanding of approaches to its management. One of these approaches is the implementation of the principles of greening aimed at protecting the environment. All spheres of production in the process of economic activity actively use natural resources and "return" them in the form of waste that spoils the environment. Therefore, in recent years, there has been a tendency in the world to protect the environment, the so-called "green" economy, the main goal of which is to preserve the environment by greening production in all spheres of economy. The field of construction, which is a necessary part of today's existence, because society needs houses and buildings for life and efficient functioning. Unfortunately, every construction has a significant impact on the environment. Therefore, in the conditions of growing attention to environmental protection throughout the world, the construction industry forced to take measures to minimize its own impact during the construction of new buildings and to design environmentally friendly buildings in the near future. Green building is not just a tidy house with green spaces around. It is a philosophy and process aimed at making the artificial environment as ecological as possible. Starting from the design stage and ending with the assembly and operation of the building after the completion of construction. The main goal of ecological construction is to reduce the negative impact on the environment and, even, to provide it with some positive advantages. Construction plays a rather important role in the economic system, so this field should be a leader in implementing ecological practices and limiting the impact on the environment. "Green" buildings have recently begun to attract more and more attention in society. The concept of "green" buildings goes far beyond creating structures that do not harm the environment. "Green" buildings are an attempt to create conditions that improve the quality of our planet. "Green" construction has advantages and disadvantages, the main of which is cost. Sometimes it is position as an unnecessary luxury. However, investing in environmentally friendly buildings is investing in your own well-being, because the investment goes to the environment. In other words, green construction gives additional weight to the overall improvement of the environment, instead of focusing exclusively on the previous construction process.