Страхування фінансових ризиків АТ «Укрзалізниця» в умовах воєнного стану

Abstract

UA: У статті досліджено сучасний стан страхування фінансових ризиків АТ «Укрзалізниця» в умовах воєнного стану. Проаналізовано основні види фінансових ризиків підприємства, систематизовано ключові проблеми страхового захисту за сферами прояву. Визначено ризики, що можуть бути об'єктами страхування, та обґрунтовано перспективні напрями вдосконалення страхового захисту, зокрема створення спеціалізованого страхового пулу та державної програми страхування воєнних ризиків для критичної інфраструктури.

EN: The article examines the current state of financial risk insurance of JSC "Ukrzaliznytsia" under martial law, which is characterized by an unprecedented level of uncertainty caused by full-scale military aggression. The purpose of the study is to assess the current state of financial risk insurance of JSC "Ukrzaliznytsia", identify the main problems of its functioning and substantiate directions for improving the insurance protection of the enterprise, taking into account modern financial and military risks. A classification of the main financial risks arising in the activities of JSC "Ukrzaliznytsia" is presented, their manifestations and potential consequences are characterized. The key problems of insurance protection of JSC "Ukrzaliznytsia" are systematized according to four spheres of manifestation: military threats, financial condition of the enterprise, market environment and institutional capacity. A classification of financial risks of JSC "Ukrzaliznytsia" according to the possibility of insurance coverage is proposed, identifying three groups: risks that are insured, risks with limited coverage, and risks that are not insured. The study found that the current state of financial risk insurance of JSC "Ukrzaliznytsia" is characterized by a high level of vulnerability, as most critical threats do not have adequate insurance coverage due to limited market instruments and the refusal of international reinsurers to cover conflict zones. Separate segments of insurance, such as compulsory personal insurance of passengers, demonstrate significant volumes and potential for further development. Prospective directions for improving insurance protection of JSC "Ukrzaliznytsia" have been substantiated. It is concluded that solving these problems requires a systematic approach that combines the efforts of the state, the management of JSC "Ukrzaliznytsia", domestic insurers and the international community. Further research should be focused on developing practical models for implementing the proposed measures, taking into account the financial capabilities of the enterprise and the priorities of state policy in the field of war risk insurance.