Дослідження процесів спалювання бурого вугілля у вихровій топці шляхом комп'ютерного моделювання

Abstract

UA: Використання в паливному балансі України дорогого імпортованого природного газу стимулює розвиток промислової та малої енергетики на основі дешевих місцевих палив і горючих відходів. Використання дешевого вугілля, торфу, деревних відходів дозволяє знизити собівартість вироблення теплоти на підприємствах житловокомунального господарства, промислових підприємствах. Наведено результати спалювання бурого вугілля у вихровій топці (ТЗЗП) для різних теплових схем і режимів спалювання. EN: As part of the course for European integration in Ukraine, a new Energy Strategy was approved to reduce the share of coal among primary sources to 12.5 % by 2035, the share of electricity generation at TPPs and CHPs to 3 2%. In 2021, Ukraine joined the EU's Green Deal strategy with a commitment to completely stop coal production and close coal energy and close coal energy by 2050. At the same time, coal energy has advantages - significant reserves of domestic coal (first in Europe and eighth in the world), which make it a guarantor of energy independence. Given the growing share of "green" generation in Ukraine, the share of pulverized coal production should be kept at least 30% of total energy production The use of expensive imported natural gas in Ukraine's fuel balance stimulates the development of industrial and small energy based on cheap local fuels and combustible waste. The use of cheap coal, peat, wood waste can reduce the cost of heat production in housing and communal services, industrial enterprises. Combustion of low-grade fuels is constrained due to the complexity of organizing a sustainable combustion process. Local fuels are characterized by high humidity and ash content, low heat of combustion. The zone of autogenous (self-sustaining) combustion is defined by the limits: combustible - more than 25 %, moisture - less than 50 %, ash - less than 60% by working weight. Vegetation and wood are the starting point for the stages of metamorphism (carbonization): plant residues, peat, brown coal, coal, anthracite. Characteristics of humolites, the organic part of the fuel, by stages of metamorphism. Fuels of different types and different degrees of carbonization - peat, lignite is peroxidized and contain a lot of oxygen in the combustible mass, have the lowest thermal stability and the highest yield of volatile substances. In the process of metamorphism, oxygen is removed and the thermal stability of the organic matter of the fuel is increased.