Исследование условий распора колеи со скреплениями типа КБ и его влияния на определение опасной ширины рельсовой колеи

Abstract

RU: На основании анализа предыдущих исследований ведущих ученых и научно-исследовательских организаций железнодорожного транспорта поставлена и решена актуальная научная задача определения максимальной опасной ширины рельсовой колеи с железобетонными шпалами и скреплением типа КБ. Все полученные результаты и рекомендации дифференцированы по диапазонам грузонапряженности участков железных дорог и позволяют существенно повысить скорости движения и сроки эксплуатации рельсовых плетей. EN: In the current regulatory document UZ – Instructions for the device and the content Railways of Ukraine, the largest permissible value of track gauge – 1548mm, which was scientifically proved only for use as a sub-rail base wooden sleepers due to the possibility of the occurrence under certain conditions of falling of the wheels of the rolling stock, rails unfolding through the availability of pulling and screws. But, for tracks with concrete sleepers, rails unfolding not possible due to the hard bolt pressing pads to the sleepers and rails. In the presence on rails in the undocking way with reinforced concrete sleepers of the considerable sizes of lateral wear or corrosion damages of metal substrates in a zone of fastening of mortgage bolts, the certain value of dangerous width of a rail track is underestimated and economically inexpedient because of need of premature replacement of rail lashes. Therefore there is a need to clarify and justify the maximum allowable value of the width of a rail track with rail on the basis of concrete ties. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to conduct experimental studies with the worst real conditions of pressing the rails to the sleepers. The acute scientific task of determining maximum dangerous railway track gauge with reinforced concrete sleepers and fastenings of terminal-bolted track type has been set and solved on the base of the analysis of previous researches of leading scientists and scientificresearch organizations of railway transport. Taking into account simultaneous actions of lateral force and track thrust force as well as all known tolerances and influences under the conditions of new maintenance profile of railway wheels of the most popular rolling stock, all the obtained results and recommendations have been differentiated according to the ranges of railway sections traffic volume and make it possible to increase running speeds and lifetime of long-welded rails substantially to use their service life to the maximum.