Організація високошвидкісного руху на напрямку

Abstract

UA: У статті проаналізовано стан швидкісних і високошвидкісних пасажирських перевезень в Україні, виявлено основні чинники, що впливають на можливість впровадження таких перевезень. Запропоновано використати чистий дисконтований дохід, який можна отримати під час реалізації проєкту і після його закінчення, для економічного обґрунтування доцільності організації швидкісного та високошвидкісного руху. Наведено метод визначення потрібних інвестицій з джерел, необхідних для реалізації великомасштабних проєктів і терміну окупності інвестиційного проєкту. EN: The article considers the effectiveness of the introduction of speed and high-speed traffic. The experience of foreign countries shows that the development of high-speed rail traffic has increased competitiveness between different modes of transport, population mobility, reduced the loss of passenger traffic by attracting additional passenger traffic and increased profits. The state of speed and high-speed passenger traffic in Ukraine is analyzed, the main factors influencing the possibility of introduction of such traffic are revealed. The main ones are: lack of state financial support and private investment for the modernization of the railway or the construction of specialized tracks, the purchase of special rolling stock. In conclusion, attention should be paid to improving the state of the railway infrastructure to increase the profits of the railway and the ability to further invest in the implementation of such projects. The method of determining the required investments from the sources necessary for the implementation of large-scale projects of public importance, which depend on the internal rate of return on the project, the internal rate of return in the industry and capital investment in the project. Economic justification of the expediency of the organization of high-speed and high-speed traffic in Ukraine is an investment project, which provides for a phased investment in construction, which will further receive annual profits from passenger transportation. To solve this type of problem, it is proposed to use the net discounted income that can be obtained during the project and after its completion. It takes into account the income achieved in a given year of calculation, the costs incurred in the same year, the discount rate set by the investor and the payback period of the project. If the demand factor for transportation fluctuates, it is possible to calculate the company's income for the following years and determine the payback period of the investment project.