Засади впровадження концепції управління стратегічними змінами на підприємствах залізничного транспорту

Abstract

UA: В статті доведено, що економічне виживання й розвиток українських підприємств залізничного транспорту в довгостроковій перспективі залежить від наявності дієвих сучасних управлінських концепцій в її арсеналі. Однією з яких є управління стратегічними змінами. З метою забезпечення ефективності процесу управління виділено ключові аспекти даної теорії, а також запропоновано класифікацію стратегічних змін за рівнем їх реалізації в залізничній компанії. Запропоновано стратегічні зміни класифікувати за рівнем їх реалізації: зміни на корпоративному рівні, зміни на діловому рівні, зміни на функціональному рівні, зміни на оперативному рівні. EN: The article clarifies that in modern conditions, primarily characterized by the presence of a large number of transformational changes due to the restructuring of rail transport, liberalization of the market, digitalization of the world economy, one of the obstacles to improving their competitiveness is poor management, lack of arsenal of managers of modern management concepts and tools capable of ensuring the achievement of established strategic guidelines in a constantly changing environment. In such conditions, the classical mechanisms of strategic management are no longer enough. One of the effective management concepts that has become widespread in the last decade is the concept of strategic change management. By initiating and implementing it, railway transport companies will be able to build their behavior as efficiently as possible, which will allow the business entity to adapt to changing operating conditions, thereby ensuring the stability of the competitive position and its strengthening. Taking into account the existing peculiarities of railway transport management, the basic provisions of the implementation of the concept of strategic change management in the activity of railway enterprises are outlined. key aspects of this theory are highlighted, and the classification of strategic changes according to the level of their implementation in the railway company is offered: strategic changes of a corporate nature (have a common focus for the entire enterprise and its individual business units. Corporate strategic changes are distributed within JSC "Ukrzaliznytsia", cover all areas of its activities, so controlled and coordinated by senior management of the railway company); strategic changes of a business nature (strategic changes of the second level for diversified corporations) (the level of individual business units of the corporation), aimed at strengthening competitiveness and maintaining competitive advantages in the long run; business); strategic changes of a functional nature (coordinated and implemented at the level of the current main activity of divisions (marketing department, finance department, production department, etc.). The responsibility for managing functional strategic changes lies with the heads of departments (divisions)); strategic changes of operational nature (coordinated and implemented in the following areas: capacity of the main activity, technology, equipment, products, supply of inventory, quality).